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• KEY TAKEAWAYS FROM PM MODI’S U.S. VISIT

MONTH/YEARWISE ARCHIVES

Key takeaways from PM Modi’s U.S. Visit

Why in news?

Prime Minister Narendra Modi had a three-day state visit to the United States adding momentum to the India-USA bilateral relationship.

How significant is the State visit?

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi's 3-day state visit to the US has had a significant impact on India's global standing.
• It highlights the country's dual identity as a spiritual democracy and an economic power .
• The visit showcased India's cultural heritage, diplomatic prowess, and its growing influence on the world stage.
• The bilateral meeting between the two sides brought out several strategic outcomes for India ranging from emerging technologies, space, energy and defence.
• It strengthened the bilateral relationship between India and the U.S.

What are the key takeaways from PM’s U.S. visit?

• Semiconductor Supply Chains - A MoU on Semiconductor Supply Chain and Innovation Partnership was signed between the countries.
• Critical Minerals - India became the newest partner of the U.S.’s Minerals Security Partnership (MSP) to diversify and secure critical mineral supply chains.
• Telecommunications - India and the United States launched public-private Joint Task Forces.
• India’s Bharat 6G and the U.S. Next G Alliance will co-lead this public-private research.
• Space - India has signed the Artemis Accords, a common vision of space exploration for the benefit of all humankind. To know more about this, Click here .
• Quantum tech - A Joint Quantum Coordination Mechanism was established to facilitate joint research between the public and private sectors across both countries.
• iCET - ‘ Innovation Handshake’ , a commercial Dialogue will be launched to connect each country’s start-up ecosystems, supporting U.S.-India Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology ( iCET ).
• Civil Aviation - Air India strike a historic agreement with Boeing to acquire more than 200 American-made aircraft.
• Defence - The India-U.S. Defence Acceleration Ecosystem (INDUS-X) was inaugurated joint innovation on defense technologies integrating India’s private defense industry.
• Student Exchange - Launched a new Joint Task Force of the Association of American Universities and leading Indian educational institutions, including the Indian Institutes of Technology.
• Research - Launched a university network of Indo-U.S. Global Challenge Institutes to help create more research partnerships and exchanges in agriculture, energy, health, and technology.
• Energy - USAID signed an MOU with the Ministry of Railways to work together on Indian Railways’ target to become a “net-zero” carbon emitter by 2030.
• India and the United States committed to creating innovative investment platforms for Green Technology.
• Medicine - The U.S. National Cancer Institute through two new grants to develop an artificial-intelligence (AI)-enabled digital pathology platform.

How is India’s strategic independence and geopolitical balance?

Indo-pacific - the united states to join the indo-pacific oceans initiative, a regional initiative inaugurated by indian prime minister..

• Indian Ocean - The United States and India will hold an Indian Ocean Dialogue that convenes U.S. and Indian officials to promote greater regional coordination. 
• Reiterates permanent membership in a reformed UNSC,
• Has announced support for Indian membership in the International Energy Agency (IAEA)
• Recommits to advancing Indian membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
• Also President Biden has invited Prime Minister Modi to attend the APEC Summit in San Francisco in November 2023.
• The Indian Express | Highlights of PM Modi’s US visit
• The Indian Express | Modi says talks, decisions add a new chapter
• Whitehouse | Republic of India Official State Visit to the U.S.

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Prelim bits 27-06-2023 | upsc daily current affairs.

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India-US Partnership

  Syllabus: Bilateral Relations

  Context: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the United States marked a major step forward in India-US ties, with several significant agreements and partnerships being established.

Key highlights of the visit:

About INDUS-X:

It will facilitate joint defence technology innovation; co-production of advanced defence technology between industries of two countries; and an Indo-US joint innovation fund for funding defence start-ups. It was launched by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and the Indian Ministry of Defense (MoD) as a part of the US Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET) initiative.

About ARTEMIS Accord:

Conclusion:

India-US relations have steadily strengthened over the years , marked by strategic cooperation, technological partnerships, and defence collaborations. While challenges and differences remain, the overall trajectory of India-US relations is positive , emphasizing the importance of the bilateral partnership in areas such as defence, trade, technology, and space exploration.

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• India-US Economic Relations

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What introduces friction into the ties between India and the United States is that Washington is still unable to find India a position in its global strategy, which would satisfy India’s National self-esteem and ambitions’. Explain with suitable examples. ( UPSC 2019)

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• Actions of the United States Federal Reserve.
• Actions of the Reserve Bank of India.
• Inflation and short-term interest rates.

(a) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

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AGREEMENTS SIGNED ON PM MODI’S VISIT TO US

Disclaimer: Copyright infringement not intended.

Context: The visit of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi to the United States.

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi received a ceremonial welcome at the White House's South Lawn by President Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden.
• The visit emphasized a "next generation partnership" between India and the United States.
• The event witnessed the presence of cabinet officials, thousands of diaspora members, and chants of "Modi, Modi" from the attendees.

Concerns and Democratic Values

• Concerns were raised about Prime Minister Modi's past as Chief Minister of Gujarat and democratic backsliding in India.
• Over 70 lawmakers wrote to President Biden, urging him to address democratic norms and human rights during discussions with PM Modi.
• Former President Barack Obama appealed to PM Modi to protect ethnic minorities in India.
• Both leaders stressed the significance of democracy, diversity, equity, and the power of example in their speeches.

Bilateral Deliverables and Agreements

• The visit resulted in a wide range of deliverables spanning defense, critical and emerging technology, health, energy, and mobility.
• General Electric (GE) and Hindustan Aeronautical Limited (HAL) signed an MoU for co-production of GE 414 Jet Engines for the indigenous Tejas Mk2 light combat aircraft.
• India's purchase of armed drones and collaboration in defense industrial innovation through the ' INDUS-X ' platform were announced.
• Micron Technology, Inc. planned to invest in a new chip assembly and test facility in Gujarat , supported by the Indian government and Gujarat State government.
• Space cooperation was strengthened with India joining a framework for space exploration and agreeing to a mission to the International Space Station in 2024.

Visa Renewal Program and Consulate Openings

• A pilot program for domestic visa renewal for certain petition-based temporary workers was announced.
• The program aimed to streamline visa processes and could potentially expand to cover skilled visas like H1b and L visas.
• Two new U.S. consulates in Bengaluru and Ahmedabad were planned, while India would reopen its consulate in Seattle and announce new consulates elsewhere.

GE Aerospace's MoU and Engine Production

• GE Aerospace signed an MoU with HAL to produce fighter jet engines for the indigenous Light Combat Aircraft (LCA).
• The agreement included the potential joint production of GE Aerospace's F414 engines in India.
• GE's involvement in the LCA program and collaboration on the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) program were highlighted.

INDUS-X and Defense Acceleration Ecosystem

• INDUS-X, the India-United States Defence Acceleration Ecosystem, was launched to promote collaboration between Indian and U.S. start-ups and tech companies.
• The event showcased technologies from 15 Indian start-ups and 10 U.S. start-ups in domains like maritime, AI, autonomous systems, and space.
• Collaboration opportunities in deep-tech innovations, particularly in the space and AI domains, were emphasized.

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Pm modi’s visit marks new era in india-us ties: big takeaways, from a buyer-seller relationship, india and the us have raised their engagement to coproducing of critical technologies.

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India and the US have launched two joint taskforces on advanced telecommunications, focused on Open RAN and research and development in 5G/6G technologies. As per the joint statement issued after the bilateral meeting between PM Modi and US president Joe Biden, public-private cooperation between vendors and operators will be led by India’s Bharat 6G Alliance and the Next G Alliance of the US.

On nuclear energy, both sides welcomed intensified consultations between the US Department of Energy and India’s Department of Atomic Energy for facilitating opportunities for Westinghouse Electric Company to develop a techno-commercial offer for the Kovvada atomic power project in Andhra Pradesh. On renewable energy, the joint statement stated: “The United States and India will endeavour to develop a first-of-its-kind, multibillion-dollar investment platform aimed at providing catalytic capital and de-risking support for such projects.”

In addition, the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and Indian Railways announced an MoU to combat climate change and achieve Indian Railways’s target of net-zero carbon emissions by 2030. Under the pact, the collective expertise, resources and innovation of the two partners will be leveraged to accelerate deployment of renewable energy, energy efficiency and energy storage technologies—all of this aligned to the net-zero goal. USAID and Indian Railways aim to develop sustainable solutions that enhance energy efficiency, reduce carbon footprints and ensure a greener future for railway operations.

While there are many takeaways from Modi’s US visit, defence got major attention. The biggest announcement was the joint production of GE Aerospace’s F414 engines in India. GE Aerospace signed an MoU with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the purpose. “The agreement includes the potential joint production of GE Aerospace’s F414 engines in India, and GE Aerospace continues to work with the US government to receive the necessary export authorisation,” GE Aerospace said in a statement.

However, the proposal needs authorisation from the US Congress. Currently, HAL uses GE404 engines for the 83 LCA (Light Combat Aircraft) it is manufacturing for the Indian Air Force (IAF). The US firm said that 75 GE F404 engines had been delivered and another 99 were on order for the LCA Mk1A. Eight GE F414 engines had been delivered as part of an ongoing development programme for a more lethal and upgraded LCA Mk2.

While there are nearly 40 aircraft manufacturers in the world, only three countries—US, Russia and France—have the technology to completely design, develop and produce military aircraft engines.

The second deal during Modi’s visit was for 31 MQ9B Predator drones. While Modi and Biden didn’t mention the drone deal in their address, the joint statement talked about the possible sale. ”President Biden and Prime Minister Modi welcomed India’s plans to procure General Atomics MQ-9B HALE UAVs. The MQ-9Bs, which will be assembled in India, will enhance the ISR (intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition) capabilities of India’s armed forces across domains. As part of this plan, General Atomics will also establish a comprehensive global MRO (maintenance, repair and overhaul) facility in India to support India’s long-term goals to boost indigenous defence capabilities,” the joint statement stated.

India and the US have been negotiating the drone deal for over five years, but some officials back home have objected to the price tag—estimated to be around $3 billion (around Rs 24,585 crore). Only last week, the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), the highest body of military purchases in the ministry of defence, had given its nod for the drone deal, but it still requires a cabinet clearance after price negotiation before the final contract is inked. Earlier this year, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems tied up with India’s Bharat Forge to produce landing gear components, subassemblies and assemblies for remotely piloted aircraft (Predator drones).

If the drone deal goes through, it would be India’s first tri-service purchase to synergise the operational and procurement requirements of its armed forces. As the lead agency for the deal, the Indian Navy will get 15 drones and the Army and IAF eight each.

India has been using drones for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance sorties along the Line of Actual Control with China, over the Bay of Bengal, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Arabian Sea, and areas around Maldivian waters. India’s efforts to develop a lethal armed drone like the MQ-9 Reaper have not gone far, compelling the military to opt for imports. The MQ-9B drone can carry payloads of about 1,700 kg over a range of 6,000 nautical miles. It can carry sensors and laser-guided bombs besides air-to-ground missiles, with a maximum payload of two tonnes.

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What to Know About Modi’s Visit and U.S.-India Relations

The visit has big implications for U.S.-India relations as President Biden seeks to shore up an alliance against Russia’s aggression and China’s economic influence.

By Victoria Kim

Follow live updates as President Biden hosts Prime Minister Narendra Modi for meetings and a state dinner.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi of India will receive a lavish welcome on Thursday in Washington, where he will address a joint session of Congress and be feted by President Biden and the first lady in a state dinner at the White House — only the third state leader to be hosted by the current administration.

Swirling around the pageantry of a momentous visit for U.S.-India relations, seen as an affirmation of India’s rise as an economic and diplomatic power, will be weighty questions of geopolitical alignments with regard to China’s economic influence and Russia’s military aggression, as well as the erosion of India’s secular democracy under Mr. Modi. How much if any of that will be publicly addressed by the two leaders is unclear.

The visit is a significant diplomatic prize for Mr. Modi , who was once denied a visa to the United States for his role in religious riots in his home state, and as prime minister has increasingly consolidated power and edged his country closer to one-party rule.

Still, the Biden administration has painstakingly sought to draw India closer, economically and militarily, at the cost of muddling his oft-stated worldview of a pitched battle between autocracies and democracies .

Here is what to know about Mr. Modi’s state visit.

The U.S. is trying to draw India closer.

Announcing Mr. Modi’s state visit, the White House press secretary said the occasion would celebrate “the warm bonds of family and friendship that link Americans and Indians together.” Like his predecessors, Mr. Biden has leaned into the hope that India, the world’s most populous democracy and the fifth-largest economy, will serve as a counterweight to China’s growing global economic heft. Treasury Secretary Janet L. Yellen last year visited India as part of the administration’s push to shift global supply chains away from its political and economic adversaries.

“New Delhi has a pivotal role to play in checkmating China — if politically nudged, militarily helped and geopolitically encouraged by the U.S. and its allies,” said Happymon Jacob, who teaches Indian foreign policy at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi.

The urgency for improved relations has intensified with Russia’s war on Ukraine, a geopolitical crisis that has placed India at the center of jostling between the United States and its allies and President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia. India, while fostering closer ties with the United States, has maintained military and economic relations with Russia, buying up Russian oil at a discount and staying away from backing United Nations resolutions that have condemned Russia’s aggression.

Defense cooperation is high on the agenda.

The United States wants to help India bolster its domestic defense industry and increase military cooperation between the two countries in an attempt to wean India off its long dependence on Russia for its weaponry. Defense Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III and the national security adviser, Jake Sullivan, each traveled to New Delhi this month ahead of the state visit to lay the groundwork for closer defense partnerships.

A substantial majority of India’s arsenal is estimated to be of Russian origin , the result of a decades-long defense relationship between the two countries at a time when the United States was instead supplying weapons to India’s rival, Pakistan. While the proportion of Russian arms in India’s defense imports has decreased in recent years, the country still remains dependent on Russia for parts and maintenance.

Highlighting increased technological cooperation, military coordination and intelligence sharing between the two countries, Mr. Austin said during his New Delhi visit: “This all matters because we face a rapidly changing world. We see bullying and coercion from the People’s Republic of China, Russian aggression against Ukraine that seeks to redraw borders by force and threatens national sovereignty.”

Modi is accused of undermining democracy.

In hosting Mr. Modi, Mr. Biden will be standing shoulder to shoulder with a leader who is immensely popular in his country but has sidelined challengers , co-opted judicial systems and consolidated power to a degree that has concerned observers and critics about the democratic erosion in the nation that recently surpassed China to become the world’s most populous.

This week, more than 70 Democratic lawmakers urged the president in a letter to raise upholding democratic values and human rights with the Indian prime minister, citing “troubling signs in India toward the shrinking of political space, the rise of religious intolerance, the targeting of civil society organizations and journalists, and growing restrictions on press freedoms and internet access.”

Mr. Modi’s India has become particularly perilous for the nation’s more than 200 million religious minorities, as his right-wing vigilante supporters have fomented religious tensions with the aim of imposing Hindu supremacy on India’s constitutionally secular democracy. That’s led to a perpetual sense of combustibility on the ground, particularly for India’s Muslims.

In March, Rahul Gandhi, India’s best-known opposition leader and Mr. Modi’s chief rival, was convicted on a charge of defamation and sentenced to two years in prison. He filed an appeal and remains free, but the conviction allowed Mr. Modi’s allies to oust him from the country’s Parliament.

Mujib Mashal contributed reporting.

Victoria Kim is a correspondent based in Seoul, focused on international breaking news coverage. More about Victoria Kim

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PM Modi’s US visit ends: Here are some highlights

Prime minister modi wrapped up his three-day state visit to the united states with an address to the indian community members..

Prime Minister Narendra Modi wrapped up his state visit to the United States on Friday. The three-day state visit,  his first in nine years,  included at least three meetings with President Joe Biden, an address to members of the US Congress, and interactions with some of Silicon Valley’s top CEOs.

“Concluding a very special USA visit, where I got to take part in numerous programmes and interactions aimed at adding momentum to the India-USA friendship. Our nations will keep working together to make our planet a better place for the coming generations,” PM Modi tweeted, ahead of his departure. He is now headed to Egypt for another state visit.

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Here’s a round-up of the significant events from PM Modi’s official three-day State visit to the US as a representative of the Republic of India:

PM Modi delivers goodbye speech to Indian-American diaspora

“‘Together India and US are not just forming policies and agreements, we are shaping lives, dreams and destinies," said PM Narendra Modi addressing the Indian-American community at the end of his three-day state visit to the US.

“The partnership between India and the United States will make the world better in the 21st Century. You all play a crucial role in this partnership,” he added while speaking at Ronald Reagan Center, Washington on Friday.

At the heart of the Indo-US strategic partnership is deepening economic engagement and resolve on both sides to elevate the bilateral relationship to a “global strategic partnership”. Concluding the hour-long address amid cheers and chants of Bharat Mata ki Jai, the PM said, “I can sense a mini-India converging here. I thank you all for coming here. I have received unprecedented love and affection during my stay in the US.”

A joint statement is issued by India and the United States

India and the US have agreed on a broad sweep in ties , declaring that “no corner of human enterprise is untouched by the partnership between our two great countries, which spans the seas to the stars”. A 58-paragraph joint statement was issued after the bilateral meeting between PM Modi and President Joe Biden. The statement called on Pakistan to take action to ensure that no territory under its control is used for launching terrorist attacks. However, there was  no mention of Russia or the US formulation on the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

A celebrity-studded state dinner in honour of PM Modi is organised

“Two great nations, two great friends, and two great powers. Cheers,” US President Biden told PM Modi in a toast at the state dinner Thursday hosted by US President at White House. Both the leaders expressed that the occasion celebrates great bonds of friendship between India and the United States. They hailed a new era in their nation’s relationship and spoke about deals on defence and commerce, which are aimed at countering China’s influence.

Big names in the tech world and billionaire industrialists such as Mukesh Ambani, Google CEO Sunder Pichai and Apple CEO Tim Cook were among those invited to the State Dinner hosted in the honour of Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the White House on Thursday.

PM Modi addresses the US Congress, becoming the first Indian prime minister to do so twice

In an almost one hour speech to the US Congress, Prime Minister Narendra Modi touched upon a variety of themes ranging from the Ukraine war to terrorism to women's empowerment to environment concerns. They were met with applause and standing ovation several times by the US Congress members, including Vice President Kamala Harris.  “When India grows, it influences and uplifts everyone,” he told the American parliament.

The speech this time was longer in duration than last time, which was about 45 minutes in 2016.

Modi-Biden hold joint press conference at the White House

At a joint press conference with US President Joe Biden at the White House, PM Modi declares that the partnership between India and the US knows no bounds. At the press conference where the leaders took questions from one reporter from each side, Biden by his side, PM Modi said   Thursday that “democracy is in our DNA”, and “there is absolutely no question of discrimination” regardless of “caste, creed, religion and gender”. He was responding to a journalist’s question about what steps his government is willing to take to improve the rights of minorities in India and to uphold free speech.

Bilateral meeting takes place at the White House

The bilateral meeting between PM Modi and US President Joe Biden took place at the White House ahead of the former's address at the US Congress. White House officials previewed the possible outcomes of the official meet : a mega deal on the purchase of General Atomics MQ-9 “Reaper” armed drones by India, a joint mission by the NASA and ISRO to the International Space Station in 2024 and New Delhi joining the Artemis Accords, which brings like-minded countries together on civil space exploration.

Biden by his side in the East Room of the White House, Modi, too, headlined the strategic outcomes in his statement after the bilateral meeting between the two sides.

PM Modi presents an array of special gifts to President Biden and US First Lady

PM Modi presented an array of special gifts to US President Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden when they hosted him for a private dinner at the White House on Tuesday. The gifts included a lab-grown 7.5-carat green diamond and a handcrafted sandalwood box. Biden was also presented with the first edition print of the book  The Ten Principal Upanishads  from 1937.

A warm welcome for PM Modi at the White House

PM Narendra Modi received a warm welcome Thursday by United States president Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden, as he arrived at White House to attend bilateral talks with US President Joe Biden, attend a State dinner and address the US Congress. His state visit to the US as a representative of the Republic of India set against the backdrop of a rapidly transforming world order, where India needs to keep both its strategic independence and geopolitical balance.

PM Modi leads International Yoga Day celebrations at UN headquarters

Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led yoga session at United Nations headquarters, on the occasion of 9th International Yoga Day , created Guinness World Record for participation of people of most nationalities , according to officials.

PM Modi arrives in New York, meets Tesla CEO Elon Musk

Prime Minister Narendra Modi Tuesday arrived in New York on the first leg of his maiden state visit to the US at the invitation of President Joe Biden. H e met several business and thought leaders like Tesla CEO Elon Musk , Nobel Prize winner Paul Romer and astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson. He also met with experts in healthcare, tech and education sectors and discussed the National Education policy, tuberculosis elimination efforts and policymaking, among other topics.

PM Modi leaves for US

PM Modi landed in New York late Tuesday evening, marking the beginning of his first State visit to the US, which he said “will reinforce ties based on shared values of democracy, diversity and freedom" with new milestones in the India-US relationship in Washington.

His packed state visit to the US from June 21 to June 23 upon the invitation of US President Joe Biden notably included International Yoga Day celebrations, a state dinner, bilateral meetings with  Biden, a US Congress address and a speech to the Indian-American diaspora.

• Modi in US 2023

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PM Modi's US visit concludes, departs for India

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on September 25 (IST) left for India from New York after concluding his three-day visit. During his visit, PM Modi met President Joe Biden, Vice President Kamala Harris and top CEOs of US, in Washington DC. PM Modi also attended first in-person Quad Leaders' Summit. He addressed the 76th Session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York in the last leg of his visit. (ANI)

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Prime Minister’s Visit to USA

What’s in today’s article?

Why in news, what is a state visit, india-us bilateral relations, trade & economic relations between india and us, defence cooperation between india and us, s&t and space cooperation between india and us, challenges in india – us relation.

• PM Modi is on an Official State Visit to USA. This is his first state visit to the country .
• In December 2014, the UN General Assembly had adopted a resolution proclaiming June 21 as the International Day of Yoga.
• meet President Biden to continue their high-level dialogue;
• attend a State Dinner hosted by President Biden and First Lady Dr. Jill Biden;
• address a Joint Sitting of the U.S. Congress on June 22.
• Before PM Modi, the only two state visits under President Joe Biden have been by France’s President Emmanuel Macron and South Korea’s President Yoon Suk Yeol.
• Invitation for a state visit signifies that the US considers the guest nation an important friend and ally.
• The state dinner is held at the White House, the residence of the US President.
• It has the symbolic value of a visiting dignitary sharing a meal at the host’s home.
• a 21-gun salute White House arrival ceremony and 
• an invitation to stay at the Blair House (the US President’s guesthouse across Pennsylvania Avenue).
• In 2022-23, the bilateral trade between India and the USA stood at a record US$ 191 billion as against US$ 119.42 billion in 2021-22.
• In 2021-22, India had a trade surplus of US$ 32.8 billion with the US .
• USA became India’s second largest source of FDI during 2020-21 with inflows of US$ 13.82 billion. 
• US is one of the top 5 investment destinations for Indian FDI.
• India-US defence cooperation is based on “ New Framework for India-US Defence Cooperation ”, which was renewed for a period of ten years in 2015. 
• In 2016, the defence relationship was designated as a Major Defence Partnership (MDP) to build a comprehensive, enduring and mutually beneficial defence partnership. 
• In July 2018, India was moved into the Tier-1 of the US Department of Commerce’s Strategic Trade Authorization license exception .
• In August 2022, a U.S. Navy Ship (USNS) Charles Drew visited in Chennai for repairs and allied services. This was the first ever repair of a U.S. Navy ship in India .
• Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Association (2016); 
• Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement (2018); 
• Industrial Security Agreement (2019); 
• Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (2020).
• Bilateral exercises include: Yudh Abhyas (Army); Vajra Prahar (Special Forces), a tri-services exercise– Tiger Triumph (inaugurated in 2019). 
• In November 2022, Australian Navy joined the U.S.-India-Japan MALABAR annual Naval Exercise. U.S. participated in India’s multilateral Exercise Milan 2022 .
• ISRO and NASA are working together to realize a joint microwave remote sensing satellite for Earth observation, named NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR).
• ISRO availed NASA/JPL’s Deep Space Network Antenna support for its Chandrayaan-1, Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) and Chandrayaan-2 mission. 
• Both sides are currently exploring the possibility of availing similar support for Chandrayaan-3 satellite.
• On commercial front, ISRO has launched more than 200 satellites from US, on-board Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), as co passengers.
• NSA Doval and his US counterpart Jake Sullivan launched a new US-India initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies in January 2023.
• These emerging technologies include artificial intelligence , quantum computing , semiconductors and wireless telecommunication .
• The United States worries about the India-Russia relationship, especially that India’s reliance on Russian military imports will continue.
• Recently, India’s oil imports from Russia have displaced Iraq as its top supplier. 
• The US still has significant export controls on India (instituted after the 1998 nuclear test), which inhibits the free transfer of technology. 
• GSP is the largest and oldest US trade preference programme.
• It is designed to promote economic development by allowing duty-free entry for thousands of products from designated beneficiary countries.
• India makes up only two percent of the United States’ merchandise trade due to policies that protect domestic industry from foreign competition.
• Many members of Congress and officials in the Biden administration are following reports on civil liberties and minority rights in India. 
• Furthermore, questions are being raised surrounding data protection in India and what the implications are vis-à-vis surveillance and censorship .
• Data published by the US embassy in India shows that the wait for B1 and B2 work visas still stretches beyond 400 days in many instances.

Q1)  What is NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR)?

NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) is a joint Earth observation satellite mission between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The mission aims to provide high-resolution, dual-frequency radar images of the Earth's surface for a variety of applications, including land and resource management, disaster monitoring, and climate studies.

Q2)   What is international yoga day?

International Yoga Day, also known as World Yoga Day, is observed annually on June 21st. It is an initiative that was proposed by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, and was first celebrated in 2015. The United Nations General Assembly unanimously declared June 21st as International Yoga Day to raise awareness about the benefits of yoga and promote its practice worldwide.

Source:  PM Modi lands in U.S. capital, to meet Joe Biden  |  MEA  |  Council on Foreign Relation  |  Indian Express

© 2024 Vajiram & Ravi. All rights reserved

PM Modi state visit to US

Last modified on August 31st, 2023 at 11:51 am

Tags: GS Paper 2 India-USA Relations International Relations

Context: In the recent visit of India’s PM Mr Narendra Modi is going to take the strategic partnership of India with the next level.

Major points of India US Comprehensive Global Strategic Partnershi p

Regular Bilateral visits: The political connect at the leadership level, a high level of and very intense level of political exchanges has been one of the key features of relationship between Indian and the USA

Burgeoning Economic partnership: The second key component, which has been a very strong pillar of relationship has been strong trade and investment partnership. If one looks at the quantum of bilateral trade, touching close to $200 billion, or the strong flow of capital on both sides. 

Technology Cooperation: The technology component and technology component interfaces in the telecom area, in the space area, in the manufacturing domain. Along with it a lot of triangulation of technology, manufacturing and investment can be identified as the next pillar of strong ties between India and US.

Strong Diaspora connect : Another key component, always a very vibrant, robust and dynamic component of relationship and a strong driver of the relationship is also the Diaspora and interface with Diaspora. 

India has close to 5 million strong Indian Diaspora in the US, which contributes enormously and very richly to the growth, the substance and the strength of the relationship.

Emerging Areas of cooperation: There is deepening of partnership, skilling and mobility as the whole new domain of renewable energy, health, environment and green partnership  which has emerged as the new area of cooperation. 

During the recent official state visit of PM Modi to US, the two leaders have reiterated the recent visit and concluded agreements as a ‘new stage’ in the India US relationship.

• India and the U.S.announced a number of agreements on defence cooperation, critical and emerging technologies, health, environment, visas and space including a deal which could pave the way for an unprecedented transfer of jet engine technology.
• The leaders also highlighted that both countries share democratic values , while addressing a gathering of officials and thousands of members of the Indian-American diaspora.
• In the field of defence partnership in a recent move General Electric and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited has signed a big-ticket MoU to jointly produce GE 414 jet engines in India for the Tejas Mk2 light combat aircraft. This comes as significant development as the US has been able to overcome bureaucratic roadblocks.
• The Defence Ministries of the two countries also launched the inaugural session of an innovation platform INDUS-X which was organised by the U.S. India Business Council, to foster defence industrial collaboration.
• In space cooperation, India is signing on to a framework of 25 countries for space exploration and cooperation . The two countries have agreed on a mission to the International Space Station in 2024.
• The leaders appreciated the rapid progress made through initiatives such as the Critical and Emerging Technologies(iCET) and the keen desire to elevate strategic technology collaborations to build resilient supply chains . They welcomed the deepening cooperation in critical minerals and space sectors.
• The big private sector deals coinciding with the visit was U.S. semiconductor and chip maker Micron Technology , Inc’s announcement that it would invest up to $825 million in a new chip assembly and test facility in Gujarat , which would be bolstered by investment from the Indian and Gujarat governments, totalling $2.75 billion.
• The leaders reiterated their commitment to combating climate change and achieving a sustainable future and discussed ways to promote clean and renewable energy and collaborate on climate initiatives.
• The U.S. also announced a pilot programme to renew visas domestically which means that applicants do not have to travel outside the U.S. to get their renewal stamps for certain petition-based temporary workers. 
• This programme could expand to cover H1B and L-1 skilled visas by 2024 and to other categories eventually. 
• The U.S also announced that it will also open two new consulates in Bengaluru and Ahmedabad to further give boost to people to people relationship.

Indian PM Addresses US congress

• Indian Prime Minister also addressed a Joint Sitting of the US Congress and  spoke about the rapid strides made in India-US bilateral relations and shared his vision for elevating bilateral ties.
• PM also outlined the enormous progress made by India and the opportunities that it presents for the world. 
• Prime Minister also conveyed his appreciation for the long-standing and strong bipartisan support in the US Congress for the deepening of India-US relations.

Indian PM also attended the event, “India and USA: Skilling for Future”

• The event focused on workforce redevelopment across higher education institutions to expand and enhance access to quality education across society.
• Indian Prime Minister presented 5-point proposals for energising India-USA collaboration in education and research sector, as follows:
• Integrated approach bringing together government, industry and academia.
• Encouraging exchange of Teachers & Students.
• Organising Hackathons on various subjects between the two countries.
• Mutual recognition of vocational skills qualifications.
• Encouraging visits of people associated with education and research.

To read more about contemporary India USA relations visit:

Contemporary Relations INDIA – USA

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• PM Modi's state visit to US opened new chapter in India-US ties: Jaishankar

PM Modi's state visit to US opened new chapter in India-US ties: Jaishankar

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This week the world’s biggest democratic election kicks off in India, as almost 970 million voters decide whether to give Prime Minister Narendra Modi a third term. The election will last six weeks after a campaign that has sprawled across India — and into the United States as well.

Modi’s supporters credit him with putting India on the global stage and turning it into one of the fastest-growing economies in the world . His critics, however, say Modi has fanned a wave of Hindu nationalism , cracked down on opponents, stifled press freedom and stoked religious tensions with Muslims and other minority groups.

In the weeks leading up to the election, which begins Friday, the overseas arm of Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has enlisted members of the Indian diaspora in the U.S. to campaign on his behalf, either by phone calling friends and family in India or by traveling to India themselves.

More than 60 Modi supporters turned up to an event at the Potomac Community Center in Maryland last month, many of them wearing scarves of saffron, a color associated with Hindu nationalism. 

At the event, leaders of the Overseas Friends of BJP listed what they saw as Modi’s achievements since taking office in 2014: developments in infrastructure, pharmaceuticals, technology and education and, more recently, the inauguration of a grand Hindu temple on a contested holy site. 

Attendees were urged to use these as talking points to nudge friends and family in India to vote for Modi, and many stood ready to help.

“Especially when they see me, that I’m from [the] United States, it carries a weight,” said Kanwaljit Soni, OFBJP’s coordinator for the Sikh community, who was planning to travel to India to campaign ahead of the election, which runs from April 19 to June 1. 

It’s a familiar routine for him. During the last election, in 2019, he said, he spent three weeks in India traveling from village to village to encourage people to vote for the BJP.

“I will be going to where my roots are in the different states,” he said.

Aware of the gargantuan task of defeating Modi, the fractured opposition has tried to consolidate into a single coalition by fielding a single candidate against the BJP. But many candidates have already switched to the BJP or backed out of the coalition.

“It’s no longer party versus party. It’s a person against a person, and there is no other credible person with a national stature like Modi,” said Sanjoy Chakravorty, a professor of geography, urban studies and global studies at Temple University in Philadelphia and the author of “The Truth About Us: The Politics of Information From Manu to Modi.”

The opposition has been further constrained by what it says are strong-arm tactics by Modi and his government. Dozens of opposition politicians have been jailed or are under investigation, and there were protests last month when Arvind Kejriwal, the chief minister of Delhi, was arrested in connection with corruption allegations that he denies.

Last month, Modi’s government froze the bank accounts of the main opposition party, the Indian National Congress, in a tax dispute. The party said the move was politically motivated and hindered its ability to campaign.

Modi has said that India’s democracy remains robust and that there is “absolutely no discrimination.” His government says the Congress party fears a historic defeat and that its accounts were frozen because it failed to file tax returns for past donations.  

The Congress party has also tried to mobilize support among Indian Americans with rallies across the U.S., arguing that India cannot afford a third Modi term. 

“Democracy is under an existential crisis in India right now and people are afraid to speak out,” said George Abraham, vice president of the Indian Overseas Congress.

But it is hard to compete with Modi, who experts say has built the narrative of being a “great leader,” his face appearing everywhere in India from outdoor displays to vaccination certificates. That has extended abroad to the Indian diaspora in the U.S., which has never been more passionate about politics at home. 

Modi’s state visit to Washington last year drew a few hundred protesters, but thousands of South Asians also flooded the city’s landmarks, either to support him or just to revel in the historic moment.

“It’s the convergence of the whole nation into a person,” Chakravorty said.

Adapa Prasad, president of Overseas Friends of BJP, said the group aimed to reach almost 50,000 members of the Indian diaspora in the U.S., with the goal of helping Modi and the BJP secure a landslide victory.

And Maryland was just the first stop.

The group planned to hold pre-election rallies in 20 U.S. cities, modeled after Modi’s “Chai Pe Charcha,” or “discussions over tea” — televised programs in which he discusses various issues with citizens and top leaders. 

There are an estimated 4.4 million people of Indian origin living in the U.S., making them the largest Asian American group , according to the Census Bureau. While many are U.S. citizens, barring them from voting in Indian elections, they may still have family links in India.

For those unable to travel to India, there is also the option of campaigning by phone, Prasad said.

People who are “sympathetic to BJP” will call their relatives in India and urge them to vote, he said.

India has a multiparty parliamentary system in which the candidate who receives the most votes in their home constituency wins. The party with the biggest share of candidates in the Legislature gets to pick the prime minister. Even though Modi’s party received 37% of the votes in 2019, it won 303 out of the 543 seats. 

Flanked by almost a dozen party flags, supporters in Maryland chanted “Victory of Mother India” and, “This time, above 400” in Hindi, referring to the BJP’s goal of securing more than 400 seats.

Calling Modi a “sensible leader,” Peeyush Uniyal, who is originally from the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand and now lives in Ellicott City, Maryland, said that “especially from the development point of view, I think it becomes a no-brainer.”

He dismissed concerns about the rise of Hindu nationalism as “overblown.”

Virginia resident Upasana Dhankhar said it was her first time venturing into politics. “It’s the consistency of leadership,” said Dhankhar, a former professor of Indian history.

She moved to the U.S. in 2019, the same year Modi revoked the Indian Constitution’s Article 370, which granted semiautonomous status to Kashmir, India’s only Muslim-majority region. The widely criticized move in the disputed territory was followed by the arrival of thousands of troops and a six-month communications blackout.

“Resolving the Kashmir problem was a big thing,” Dhankhar said, mirroring an argument from a PowerPoint slide titled “Article 370 SCRAPPED.”

The BJP’s campaign in the U.S. was another way of revving up Modi’s global fanbase, Chakravorty said.

“The entire civilization is on the rise,” he said, “and they want to be part of it.”

CORRECTION (April 16, 2024, 1:55 p.m. ET): Because of an editing error, the headline on a previous version of this article misstated Narendra Modi’s position. He is prime minister, not president.

Mithil Aggarwal is a Hong Kong-based reporter/producer for NBC News.

Megan Lebowitz is a politics reporter for NBC News.